Over the past decade, Ukraine’s spending on research and development has halved, now standing at just 0.33% of GDP. In comparison, this figure is 1.46% in neighboring Poland, 3.5% in the United States, and 4.9% in South Korea. Also, the number of researchers in Ukraine has dropped by 74%, down to 35,000, along with a decline in the number of innovation-active enterprises. Russia’s full-scale invasion has further complicated science–business collaboration.
Ukraine currently ranks 60th out of 133 economies in the Global Innovation Index, a position that has deteriorated over the past five years. However, in the Global Startup Ecosystem Index, Ukraine rose to 46th place, up three positions compared to 2023.